To screen for liver damage and or to help diagnose liver disease Specimen:A blood sample drawn from a vein in your arm When To Get Tested: When a healthcare practitioner thinks that you have symptoms of a liver disorder such as abdominal pain nausea and vomiting jaundice yellow skin or potential exposure to hepatitis virus as part of a comprehensive metabolic panel CMP when you have a routine health exam Test Preparation:None Normal Test Result: 7 units per liter (U/L)to 55 units per liter (U/L)

To detect liver damage and or to help diagnose liver disease Specimen:A blood sample drawn from a vein in your arm When To Get Tested: When a healthcare practitioner thinks that you have symptoms of a liver disorder such as abdominal pain nausea and vomiting jaundice yellow skin or potential exposure to a hepatitis virus as part of a comprehensive metabolic panel when you have a routine health exam Test Preparation:None Normal Test Result: 8 U/L to 33 U/L

To screen for diagnose and monitor a range of conditions Specimen:A blood sample drawn from a vein in your arm sometimes a random or a timed urine collection such as a 24-hour urine sample When To Get Tested: As part of a routine metabolic panel when you have symptoms of a disorder or known presence of one affecting your kidneys bones thyroid parathyroid or nerves or when symptoms of significantly increased or decreased calcium concentrations are present when someone is critically ill to monitor ionized calcium levels when someone has certain types cancer when someone is being treated for abnormal calcium levels to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment Test Preparation:Current practices do not require fasting You may be instructed to stop taking certain medications that can affect the test results such as lithium antacids diuretics and vitamin D supplements among others Normal Test Result: normal amount of calcium (somewhere between 8.6 mg/dL to 10.3 mg/dL)

To screen for risk of developing heart disease to monitor effectiveness of lipid-lowering therapy Specimen:Most often a blood sample is collected from a vein in the arm Sometimes cholesterol is measured using a drop of blood collected by puncturing the skin on a finger A fingerstick sample is typically used when cholesterol is being measured on a portable testing device for example at a health fair When To Get Tested: Screening as part of a regular health exam with a lipid profile when no risk factors for heart disease are present adults should be tested once every four to six years children teens and young adults should be tested once between the ages of 9 and 11 and then again between the ages of 17 and 21 Monitoring may be done more frequently and at regular intervals when risk factors for heart disease are present when prior results showed high risk levels and or when undergoing treatment for unhealthy lipid levels Test Preparation:Cholesterol tests typically require fasting for 9-12 hours before the test only water is permitted Your healthcare practitioner may decide that you may be tested without fasting Follow any instructions you are given and tell the person drawing your blood whether or not you have fasted For youths without risk factors testing may be done without fasting Normal Test Result: 125 to 200

To help diagnose infectious mononucleosis mono to distinguish between an Epstein-Barr virus EBV infection and another illness with similar symptoms to help evaluate susceptibility to EBV Specimen:A blood sample drawn from a vein in your arm When To Get Tested: When you have symptoms of mono but a negative mono test when a pregnant woman has flu-like symptoms occasionally when an asymptomatic person has been exposed to someone with mono or possibly as a means to check immune system function Test Preparation:None Normal Test Result: normal range is 0 mm/hr 22 mm/hr to for men and 0 mm/hr to 29 mm/hr for women

To help diagnose and manage conditions affecting kidney function may be used as part of general health screening or to screen someone who is at risk of developing kidney disease or to follow someone with known kidney disease Specimen:A blood sample drawn from a vein in your arm When To Get Tested: When you have signs and symptoms that suggest that you may have a condition affecting the function of your kidneys when you are being treated for kidney disease when you have certain risk factors for kidney disease such as high blood pressure or diabetes Test Preparation:You may be instructed to fast for 8-12 hours no food only water prior to the test Normal Test Result: 0.6 mg/dL –1.1 mg/dL in women and 0.7–1.3 mg/dL in men

To screen for and help diagnose thyroid disorders to monitor treatment of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism Specimen:A blood sample drawn from a vein in your arm or from pricking the heel of an infant When To Get Tested: For screening Newborn screening is widely recommended however there is no consensus within the medical community as to the age adult screening should begin or whether screening should be done For monitoring treatment as directed by your healthcare provider Otherwise when a person has symptoms of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism and or an enlarged thyroid Test Preparation:None needed however certain medications can interfere with the TSH test so tell your health practitioner about any drugs that you are taking If you take thyroid hormone as treatment for thyroid disease it is recommended that your blood sample be drawn before you take your dose for that day Normal Test Result: from 0.4 mIU/L to 4.0 mIU/L for those with no symptoms of an under- or over-active thyroid

To assess your risk of developing heart disease to monitor effectiveness of lipid-lowering therapy Specimen:A blood sample drawn from a vein in your arm or from a fingerstick When To Get Tested: Screening as part of a lipid profile during a regular medical exam at least once every four to six years for adults for children at least once between the ages of 9 and 11 and again between the ages of 17 and 21 Monitoring may be done more frequently if you have risk factors for heart disease and or if you are being treated for unhealthy lipid levels Test Preparation:Current standards recommend that testing be done when you are fasting For 9 to 12 hours before the test only water is permitted In addition alcohol should not be consumed for 24 hours just before the test Your healthcare practitioner may decide that you may be tested without fasting Follow any instructions you are given and tell the person drawing your blood whether or not you have fasted Normal Test Result: less than 150mg/dL

To screen for or monitor liver disorders or hemolytic anemia to monitor neonatal jaundice Specimen:In adults a blood sample drawn from a vein in the arm in newborns a blood sample from a heelstick non-invasive technology is available in some healthcare facilities that will measure bilirubin by using an instrument placed on the skin transcutaneous bilirubin meter When To Get Tested: When you have signs or symptoms of liver damage liver disease bile duct blockage hemolytic anemia or a liver-related metabolic problem or if a newborn has jaundice Test Preparation:You may need to fast nothing but water for several hours before the test fasting requirements vary by laboratory ask your lab or healthcare provider for instructions Normal Test Result: less than 0.3 mg/dL (less than 5.1 µmol/L) Total bilirubin: 0.1 to 1.2 mg/dL (1.71 to 20.5 µmol/L)

To determine your general health status; to screen for, diagnose, or monitor any one of a variety of diseases and conditions that affect blood cells. A blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm or a fingerstick